EPA OnSite Calculators

Hydraulic Gradient Calculator

Gradient Calculation from fitting a plane to as many as fifteen points

a x 1 + b y 1 + c = h 1
a x 2 + b y 2 + c = h 2
a x 3 + b y 3 + c = h 3
. . .
a x 15 + b y 15 + c = h 15

where (x i,y i) are the coordinates of the well and
h i is the head

i = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15
The coefficients a, b, and c are calculated by a least-squares fitting of the the data to a plane

The gradient is calculated from the square root of (a 2 + b 2 ) and the angle from the arctangent of a/b or b/a depending on the quadrant
Site Name
Date
Calculation basis
Coordinates
I.D.x-coordinatey-coordinatehead
Number of Points Used in Calculation
Max. Difference Between Head Values
Gradient Magnitude (i)
Flow direction as degrees from North (positive y axis)
Coefficient of Determination (R 2 )